All The Tools You Need To Understanding FND Symptoms: A Guide for Patients and Supporters

Being diagnosed with Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) can feel overwhelming and isolating. For many, the journey to understanding this condition is filled with questions and misconceptions.

However, FND is not as rare as it may seem—up to 30% of neurology clinic patients experience functional symptoms. This guide is designed to help patients and their supporters better understand FND, its symptoms, and the truths behind common myths. 

What is Functional Neurological Disorder (FND)?
FND is a neurological condition where the brain’s function is disrupted, even though there is no structural damage or lesion. Think of it as a “software” issue rather than a “hardware” problem. The brain’s wiring is intact, but its signals are misfiring, leading to real and distressing symptoms. 

FND lies at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry, which means it involves both the brain and the mind. This can make it challenging to diagnose and understand, but it’s important to know that FND symptoms are genuine and involuntary. 

Common Symptoms of FND
FND can cause a wide range of symptoms, which may vary from person to person. These include: 

• Motor Symptoms: These are indeed common in FND and can include weakness or paralysis, tremors, abnormal movements, difficulty walking, and speech issues. Non-Epileptic Seizures: Also known as psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), these episodes resemble epileptic seizures but are not caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. 
• Sensory Symptoms: Numbness, tingling, and unexplained pain. These symptoms can affect various parts of the body.
• Cognitive Symptoms: Memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and “brain fog” are also associated with FND. These symptoms can significantly impact function in daily life. 

These symptoms are not imagined or exaggerated—they are real and can significantly affect your ability to function and quality of life.

Dispelling Common Myths About FND
FND is often misunderstood, which can lead to stigma and frustration for patients. 

Let’s address some of the most common misconceptions: 

1. “It’s All in Your Head”: This damaging myth suggests that FND symptoms are imagined or under the patient’s control. In reality, FND symptoms are involuntary and caused by disruptions in the brain’s functioning. They are as real as symptoms caused by structural neurological conditions. 
2. “It’s Always Caused by Trauma”: While stress or trauma can trigger FND in some cases, they are not universal causes. Many people with FND have no history of major trauma or mental illness, highlighting the complex interplay of neurological and psychological factors. 
3. “It Should Be Easy to Fix”: FND is a functional disorder, but that doesn’t mean it’s simple to treat. Recovery often requires a multidisciplinary approach, including physical therapy, psychological support, and education about the condition.

How Patients and Supporters Can Navigate FND
Understanding and managing FND can be a journey, but there are steps you can take to improve quality of life: 

1. Educate Yourself: Knowledge is empowering. Take the time to learn about FND from reliable sources, such as healthcare professionals or reputable organisations. Understanding the condition can help reduce fear, uncertainty, and stigma. It also equips you to make informed decisions about treatment and self-care.
2. Build a Support Network: You don’t have to face FND alone. Connecting with others who understand your experiences can provide emotional relief and practical advice. Look for support groups, whether online or in-person, where you can share your journey and gain encouragement. Supporters, such as family and friends, can also benefit from these networks to better understand how to provide care and empathy.
3. Seek Multidisciplinary Care: FND requires a holistic approach to treatment. Collaborate with a team of healthcare professionals, including neurologists, physiotherapists, psychologists, and other specialists. A multidisciplinary team can create a personalised treatment plan that addresses both physical and psychological aspects of FND.

The Path Forward
FND is a complex condition, but with the right support and treatment, many people see improvements and ultimately recover. By dispelling myths and fostering understanding, we can reduce stigma and create a more compassionate environment for those living with FND. 

If you or someone you love is navigating FND, remember: you are not alone. Together, we can raise awareness, advocate for better care, and support each other on this journey.